VOLUME 90

Deborah Machalow

In 1978, Louise Brown, the first baby conceived through in vitro fertilization (IVF) changed the world. Doctors first considered fertilization outside a woman’s body in 1934, and it has since become a medical mainstay. Since 1978, around five million children worldwide have been born through assisted reproductive technology. In IVF, eggs are retrieved from a woman’s ovaries and fertilized in a lab. The resulting embryos are transferred into the uterus of either the woman who produced the eggs or of another woman. This procedure has had drastic implications on the law of surrogacy contracts.

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